Chapter 11 Study Questions
54. According to your textbook, language is important because it
a. mirrors reality.
* b. gives meaning to events.
c. has unambiguous connotations.
d. is separate from thought.
e. all of the above.
55. Language helps to shape our sense of reality by
a. causing events.
* b. giving meaning to events.
c. communicating events.
d. mirroring events.
e. reflecting events.
56. The denotative meaning of a word is
a. what the word suggests or implies.
b. based on the audienceÕs sense of appropriateness.
c. usually more abstract than its connotative meaning.
d. often too technical to be used in a speech.
* e. its literal or dictionary meaning.
57. The connotative meaning of a word is
a. its dictionary definition.
b. determined by the speaker.
c. concrete and precise.
* d. what the word suggests or implies.
e. usually too technical for a general audience.
58. As your textbook explains, connotative meaning gives words their power.
a. logical
b. definitional
* c. emotional
d. rhythmical
e. ethical
59. As your textbook explains, meaning gives words their emotional power.
a. logical
b. definitional
* c. connotative
d. denotative
e. ethical
60. As a speaker, you would probably use more connotative words if you wanted to
* a. arouse an emotional response.
b. appear as impartial as possible.
c. explain a technical concept.
d. enhance your credibility.
e. exploit the rhythm of language.
61. Jerome wants his audience to appreciate the harsh reality of life for migrant workers in the United States. In addition to using strong supporting materials, he decides to use words with connotative meanings because he knows they will help him
a. have stronger delivery.
b. appear as impartial as possible.
* c. arouse an emotional response.
d. add rhythm to his language.
e. increase his accuracy.
62. Each of the following is discussed in your textbook as a basic criterion for the effective use of language in public speaking except
a. use language clearly.
b. use language vividly.
c. use language appropriately.
* d. use language technically.
e. use language accurately.
63. Which of the following is discussed in your textbook as a way to use language clearly?
a. use familiar words
b. choose concrete words
c. eliminate clutter
* d. all of the above
e. a and b only
64. Kathryn wants to create concern among her listeners about the infringements on civil liberties she fears are resulting from the war on terrorism. She has decided to use words with strong connotative meanings because she knows they will help her
a. enhance her credibility.
* b. arouse an emotional response.
c. appear as impartial as possible.
d. all of the above.
e. b and c only.
65. Which of the following is discussed in your textbook as a basic criterion for the effective use of language in public speaking?
a. use language clearly
b. use language accurately
c. use language vividly
* d. all of the above
e. a and b only
66. Which of the following is discussed in your textbook as a basic criterion for the effective use of language in public speaking?
a. use language clearly
b. use language technically
c. use language accurately
d. all of the above
* e. a and c only
67. Which of the following is discussed in your textbook as a basic criterion for the effective use of language in public speaking?
a. use language technically
b. use language appropriately
c. use language clearly
d. all of the above
* e. b and c only
68. According to your textbook, words refer to ideas or concepts rather than to tangible objects.
a. vivid
b. concrete
c. denotative
* d. abstract
e. technical
69. Which of the following words is the most concrete and specific?
a. author
b. writer
* c. J.K. Rowling
d. fantasy author
e. artist
70. Which of the following words is the most concrete and specific?
a. prescription medicine
b. medicine
c. health care
* d. aspirin
e. health treatment
71. Which of the following words is the most general and abstract?
* a. language
b. novel
c. Moby Dick
d. book
e. publication
72. Which of the following words is the most concrete and specific?
* a. Mozart
b. composer
c. classical music
d. entertainment
e. music
73. Which of the following words is the most general and abstract?
a. roll
b. croissant
c. baked good
b. bread
* e. food
74. Which of the following words is the most concrete and specific?
a. music
b. human activity
* c. Dave Matthews Band
d. entertainment
e. rock bands
75. Which of the following words is the most concrete and specific?
a. fruit
b. tree
c. plant
* d. apricot
e. organism
76. Which of the following words is the most concrete and specific?
a. performer
b. actress
* c. movie star
d. entertainer
e. celebrity
77. To use language vividly your textbook recommends that speakers employ
a. metaphor and rhyme.
* b. imagery and rhythm.
c. concrete words and quotations.
d. testimony and examples.
e. antithesis and parallelism.
78. Phrases such as Òdry as a bone,Ó Òclear as a bell,Ó Òdark as night,Ó and Òsmart as a whipÓ should be avoided in speeches because they are
a. abstract.
* b. clichŽs.
c. similes.
d. connotative.
e. figurative.
79. ÒMy grandmother is the glue that holds our family togetherÓ is an example of
* a. metaphor.
b. antithesis.
c. abstraction.
d. repetition.
e. simile.
80. According to your textbook, the following statement is an example of
ÒThe greeting card industry began by creating a line for every occasion; to keep growing it had to create an occasion for every line.Ó
* a. antithesis.
b. connotation.
c. personification.
d. metaphor.
e. referral.
81. ÒThe flickering light of the fire revealed the fearful faces of the campersÓ is an example of
a. metaphor.
* b. alliteration.
c. antithesis.
d. repetition.
e. simile.
82. When commemorating her grandfather, Delany said: ÒHe told me once it was a privilege to know everyone in town; at his funeral, everyone in town told me it had been a privilege to know him.Ó According to your textbook, DelanyÕs statement is an example of
a. simile.
b. reversal.
c. personification.
b. transposition.
* e. antithesis.
83. ÒSuccess attained after walking through the minefields of adversity is sweet indeedÓ is an example of
* a. metaphor.
b. parallelism.
c. antithesis.
d. repetition.
e. simile.
84. According to your textbook, the following statement is an example of .
ÒWhen Tiger Woods got his first golf club, it was like Picasso getting his first paint brush.Ó
a. reversal
b. metaphor
c. antithesis
b. repetition
* e. simile
85. ÒAsking the current administration to police its corruption is like putting Dracula in charge of the blood bankÓ is an example of
a. metaphor.
b. parallelism.
* c. simile.
d. rhythm.
e. repetition.
86. ÒThe Philippine Islands look like giant pieces of broken emerald that were dropped into the South China Sea by some giantÓ is an example of
* a. simile.
b. rhythm.
c. parallelism.
d. metaphor.
e. repetition.
87. ÒJust like an iceberg, the most important dimensions of culture are below the surfaceÓ is an example of
* a. simile.
b. antithesis.
c. repetition.
d. alliteration.
e. metaphor.
88. ÒJesse Owens won his races in the 1936 Olympic games like a cheetah going after its preyÓ is an example of
a. metaphor.
b. alliteration.
c. antithesis.
d. repetition.
* e. simile.
89. ÒFreedom is like a drum; strike it anywhere and it resounds everywhereÓ is an example of
a. metaphor.
b. repetition.
c. antithesis.
b. rhythm.
* e. simile.
90. ÒA master politician, he worked the crowd with oiled precisionÓ is an example of
a. antithesis.
b. repetition.
c. personification.
* d. metaphor.
e. simile.
91. To help her audience understand how it felt to be a woman living under the Taliban, Sima stated, ÒSome Afghani women lived their lives in dark caves, cut off from the modern world, breathing only the stale air of information filtered through the ideology of the Taliban.Ó In this statement, Sima used
* a. metaphor.
b. antithesis.
c. personification.
d. repetition.
e. simile.
92. ÒMemories are like fingerprints—no two sets are ever the sameÓ is an example of
a. metaphor.
* b. simile.
c. antithesis.
d. repetition.
e. personification.
93. ÒOur mission is to right wrong, to do justice, and to serve humanityÓ is an example of
a. simile.
b. antithesis.
c. metaphor
d. imagery.
* e. parallelism.
94. ÒThe roots of education are bitter, but the fruit is sweetÓ is an example of
a. parallelism.
* b. metaphor.
c. simile.
d. repetition.
e. rhythm.
95. ÒHer cheek was soft yet vibrant—a beautiful piece of copper-colored silk,Ó is an example of
a. simile.
b. antithesis.
* c. metaphor.
d. abstraction.
e. repetition.
96. ÒMy teacher was a gardener nurturing the seeds of knowledgeÓ is an example of
a. repetition.
b. simile.
c. antithesis.
* d. metaphor.
e. abstraction.
97. In his speech on the importance of regular exercise, Aymil stated, ÒTaking the first step toward a healthier lifestyle requires three commitments: discipline, determination, and desire.Ó In this statement, Aymil used
a. metaphor.
b. simile.
c. antithesis.
d. repetition.
* e. alliteration.
98. According to your textbook, ÒLet every nation know that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of libertyÓ is an example of
a. metaphor.
* b. parallelism.
c. identification.
d. antithesis.
e. simile.
99. ÒUnfortunately, many Americans live on the outskirts of hope—some because of their poverty, some because of their color, and all too many because of bothÓ is an example of
a. simile.
b. antithesis.
c. personification.
* d. parallelism.
e. analogy.
100. Your textbook recommends using repetition and parallelism to enhance the
of your speeches.
* a. rhythm
b. credibility
c. emotional appeal
d. appropriateness
e. imagery
101. When used effectively, repetition in a speech
a. unifies a sequence of ideas.
b. helps to build a strong cadence.
c. reinforces an idea.
* d. all of the above.
e. b and c only.
102. is the repetition of the initial consonant sound of close or adjoining words.
a. Antithesis
b. Assonance
c. Anaphora
d. Arthimeria
* e. Alliteration
103. ÒWe will be candid, consistent, and confidentÓ is an example of
a. metaphor.
b. antithesis.
c. simile.
* d. alliteration.
e. repetition.
104. ÒAsk not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your countryÓ is an example of
* a. antithesis.
b. simile.
c. metaphor.
d. imagery.
e. illustration.
105. ÒWe must come to realize that we are responsible not only for preparing you for the world, but for preparing the world for youÓ is an example of
a. metaphor.
* b. antithesis.
c. appropriateness.
d. formalism.
e. simile.
106. ÒLet us never negotiate out of fear. But let us never fear to negotiateÓ is an example of
a. imagery.
* b. antithesis.
c. repetition.
d. metaphor.
e. illustration.
107. ÒWe must put an end to war—or war will put an end to usÓ is an example of
* a. antithesis.
b. simile.
c. illustration.
d. metaphor.
e. analogy.
108. ÒWe will read all these names. We will linger over them. We will learn their stories, and we will weepÓ is an example of
a. simile.
b. repetition.
c. alliteration.
d. all of the above.
* e. b and c only.
109. ÒA voter without a ballot is like a soldier without a bulletÓ is an example of
a. simile.
b. parallelism.
c. personification.
d. all of the above.
* e. a and b only.
110. ÒGovernment of the people, by the people, for the peopleÓ is an example of
a. alliteration.
b. parallelism.
c. repetition.
* d. all of the above.
e. b and c only.
111. ÒHe was the best in the outfield; he was the best at the plate; he was the best as a teammateÓ is an example of
a. metaphor.
b. parallelism.
c. repetition.
d. all of the above.
* e. b and c o only.
112. ÒA dream deferred dries up like a raisin in the sunÓ is an example of
a. simile.
b. metaphor.
c. alliteration.
d. all of the above.
* e. a and c only.
113. ÒThe task is heavy, the toil is long, and the trials will be severeÓ is an example of
a. simile.
b. parallelism.
c. alliteration.
d. all of the above.
* e. b and c only.
114. Which of the following does your textbook identify as a guideline for using language appropriately?
a. use language appropriate to the topic
b. use language appropriate to the speaker
c. use language appropriate to the audience
* d. all of the above
e. a and c only
115. Which of the following is mentioned in your textbook as a basic criterion for the effective use of language?
* a. use language appropriately
b. use language persuasively
c. use language credibly
d. use language emphatically
e. use language forcefully
116. When Tami introduced the new university president to a group of distinguished alumni, she closed her remarks by saying, ÒYou folks are really going to like this new Prez.Ó Afterward, the event organizer told Tami that in the future she should use more formal language when speaking on such an occasion. Which of the following statements best describes TamiÕs error?
a. She did not use language denotatively.
b. She did not language personably.
c. She did not language referentially.
* d. She did not use language appropriately
e. She did not use language stylistically.
117. In her speech about classical ballet, Kyndra mentioned, but did not explain, the terms entrechat and arabesque. Since most of her listeners were unfamiliar with ballet, what error did Kyndra make in her use of language?
a. She did not use language appropriate to the occasion.
b. She did not use language appropriate to the topic.
* c. She did not use language appropriate to the audience.
d. She did not use language appropriate to the setting.
e. She did not use language appropriate to the speaker.
118. Which of the following are mentioned in your textbook as guidelines for the use of inclusive language in public speaking?
a. Avoid the generic Òhe.Ó
b. Avoid the use of ÒmanÓ when referring to both men and women.
c. Use names that groups currently use to identify themselves.
* d. all of the above
e. a and b only
119. Which of the following are mentioned in your textbook as guidelines for the use of inclusive language in public speaking?
* a. Avoid stereotyping jobs and social roles by gender.
b. Avoid pointing out that political correctness restricts our use of language.
c. Avoid emotional appeal when discussing issues of race, gender, or disability.
d. all of the above
e. a and b only
120. ÒPolice officers need extra life insurance to protect their wives and children,Ó said city council member Heather Carpenter. CarpenterÕs language violated which of the guidelines for inclusive language discussed in your textbook?
a. Avoid the generic Òhe.Ó
b. Avoid excluding listeners because of their age.
c. Avoid identifying personal traits that are unrelated to the topic.
* d. Avoid stereotyping jobs and social roles by gender.
e. Use names that groups use to identify themselves.
121. ÒSurgeons and their wives deserve the financial protection offered by these caps on monetary awards in malpractice suits.Ó This statement violates which of the guidelines for inclusive language discussed in your textbook?
* a. Avoid stereotyping jobs and social roles by gender.
b. Avoid excluding listeners because of their occupation.
c. Use names that groups use to identify themselves.
d. all of the above
e. b and c only